Gestion optimale de l'allocation des ressources pour l'execution des processus dans le cadre du Cloud

Despite the many proven benefits of using resources deployed in the cloud, it still faces many problemsthat can compromise its commercial success. Among theses problems, we can mention the lack of methodsallowing users to choose the best available resources. Thus the development of new methods for optimalresources management is necessary. The aim of this PhD thesis is based on this topic by the development of methods to optimize the useof resources in the Cloud context. To achieve this goal, our approach is driven by three complementary aspects taking into account conflicting quality of service criteria. For the first aspect, we have proposed a set of resources allocation and tasks scheduling strategies for a scientific process consisting of automated tasks. For the second aspect, we have proposed an extension of these strategies to take into account the fact that some tasks require the human resource(s) intervention. For the third aspect, optimization methods in order to allow a fair access to the shared resources bya set of business process instances are proposedBien que les nombreux avantages d’utiliser des ressources hébergées dans le Cloud soient avérés, celui-ci reste confronté à de nombreux problèmes qui peuvent compromettre son succès commercial. Parmi ceux-ci, on peut citer le manque d’aide aux utilisateurs pour leur permettre de choisir au mieux les ressources disponibles. Il est donc indispensable de développer des méthodes nouvelles pour une gestion optimale des ressources dans le Cloud.Cette thèse se situe dans le cadre de développement de méthodes d’optimisation d’utilisation des ressources pour l’exécution des processus dans le cadre Cloud. Nous avons abordé ce sujet sous trois aspects complémentaires prenant en compte des critères de qualité de service conflictuels.Pour le premier aspect, nous avons proposé un ensemble de stratégies d’allocation de ressources et d’ordonnancement de tâches d’un processus scientifique dont les tâches sont supposées automatisées. Pour le deuxième aspect, nous avons proposé une extension des premières stratégies pour prendre en compte le fait que certaines tâches nécessitent l’intervention d’une(des) ressource(s) humaine(s) pours’accomplir. Pour le troisième aspect, des méthodes d’optimisation afin d’assurer un accès équitable à des ressources,partagées par un ensemble d’instances d’un même processus métier, ont été proposée

Optimization of Orchestration of Geocrowdsourcing Activities

International audienceGeocrowdsourcing has proved to be very valuable in crisis situations. Calling to citizen on the ground or to experts or trained amateurs to help in the mapping of crisis situation is a recognized and valuable practice. However, despite the experience gained from real and dramatic situations, it remains difficult to set up and execute complex processes that require actions of both people on the ground and people on the web, and to understand how to get the best result at the minimal cost in term of users actions. In this paper, we describe a process that can be used to assess a global situation on a map using a combination of services and user operations. We want to understand how best to distribute a limited amount of human actions between different kind of tasks in order to get the most reliable result. Since it is difficult to conduct experimentation, we have decided to use simulation to reach a result that could be applied on the ground. This simulation relies on a geolocalised corpus of tweets. It provides some hints about how to deploy an exercise on the ground that are discussed as a conclusion. In addition, we propose a binary integer programming (BIP) making best use of the available workers

Resources allocation and scheduling approaches for business process applications in Cloud contexts

International audienceIn the last years, the Cloud computing environment has emerged as new execution support of business process. However, despite the proven benefits of using Cloud to run business process, users lack guidance for choosing between multiple offerings while taking into account several objectives, which are often conflicting. On the other side, elastic computing, such as Amazon EC2, allows users to allocate and release compute resources (virtual machines) on-demand and pay only for what they use. Therefore, it is reasonable to assume that the number of virtual machines is infinite. This feature of Clouds has been called "illusion of infinite resources''. Moreover, including human resources in the business process execution process make the automated execution of workflow difficult, due to the fact that the number of human resources is finite. In this paper, we develop an allocation strategy for Cloud computing platform taking into account the above characteristics. More precisely, we propose three complementary bi-criterion approaches for resources allocation and scheduling of business process on distributed Cloud resources

Multi-objective resources allocation approaches for workflow applications in Cloud environments

International audienceResources allocation and scheduling has been recognised as an important topic for business process execution. However, despite the proven benefits of using Cloud to run business process, users lack guid- ance for choosing between multiple offering while taking into account several objectives which are often conflicting. Moreover, when running business processes it is difficult to automate all tasks. In this paper, we propose three complementary approaches for Cloud computing platform taking into account these specifications

Etat de l'art et benchmarking des patterns de workfows

Mémoire de Master, Master Recherche SID Système d'Information et de Décision, Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonn

Business process tasks-assignment and resourceallocation in Crowdsourcing context

International audienceCrowdsourcing is important paradigm in humanproblemsolving using the Web. When they face a workloadoutburst, businesses may choose outsource certain or all ofprocess tasks to the crowd in order to not compromise thequality of service promised for their customers. This may occurin situations like crisis management, when organization areoverloaded by a sudden event breakout. These tasks are generallydifficult to implement as solution based on software service only.So, the use of crowdsourcing platform seems enticing.To ensure efficient and wise use of resources, decision makingaids methods need to be developed in which the aim is to assistbusinesses in choosing the most knowledgeable workers. In thispaper we address the resource allocation problem in crisis contextby defining a delegation approach based on crowd-sourcing asresource provider. Firstly, we propose a mathematical modelfor business process execution in crowd-sourcing context and anexact optimization algorithm. Secondly, as the problem addressedhere is NP-complete, we propose an efficient algorithm, as shownby a series of experiments, to deal with the considered problem.Furthermore, to overcome the limitations of existing workswe take here the fact that business process tasks are dependentwhile optimizing the overall execution time of a given businessprocess instance under budget constraint

An actor-driven approach for business processes - How to take into account the environment of work?

International audienceOver the last decade there was a high interest in business process modeling in organizations. In their majority workflow systems support a role-based allocation of work to actors. This allocation does not consider the additional work wich comes from the actors environement ande wich is not visible to the workflow management system. In fact, the WFMS is not aware of the real workload of human resources in the organization. In this paper we propose an actor-driven approach for business processe management which aims at taking into account the additional work generated by the environment (telephone, fax, mail, verbally) and thus the the real workaload of actor

Composition de Workflow-nets : condition de préservation de la k-soundness

National audienc

Guider le choix d'un formalisme de modélisation de processus : Démarche multicritère basée sur les patrons

National audienceResume en anglais a placer ic

A Multi-criteria Based Approach for Web Service Selection Using Quality of Service (QoS)

International audienceThe development of the web technologies and the increasing of available services have introduced the issue of the selection of the most appropriate service among a set of candidate web services. First of all, the services offering a given functionality are discovered. Then, the service section process assists users in choosing the services that better meets their preferences. These preferences are generally, expressed as potentially objective functions often conflicting. Most of existing works trying to select the best web services are based either on a single evaluation criterion or, at best, on the use of an aggregation function like weighted sum of several quantitative evaluation criteria, or the use of the Pareto optimality notion. The work presented here addresses these shortcomings by introducing a new optimality notion based on two tests: (i) concordance and (ii) discordance tests. It presents an efficient algorithm to select only the best services using the introduced optimality notion. Moreover, the proposed algorithm exhibits encouraging results as supported by a series of experiments